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FIRST MAN TO GO AROUND THE WORLD (draft)

A long time ago in the early 15th century, a young Malay in the Southwest Pacific had a destiny with history. The island nation around the Spice Islands in Southeast Asia was what this fated young boy called home. During this time of the Golden Age of Discovery, his history was being made.

Magellan Compass

This boy's story, however, begins half a world away in Portugal. In the early part of the century, Prince Henry the Navigator's fascination with exploration led to a base for sea exploration, an observatory, and most importantly, a school for geographers and navigators. His enthusiastic promotion laid the groundwork for the development of Portugal's sea power and colonial empire. It was only a matter of time until his inspired explorers sailed around the tip of South Africa, the Cape of Good Hope, (which, unfortunately, occurred after the Prince's death.) This opened the way for European exploration to the East. Following the path of Prince Henry's sea captains, Ferdinand Magellan of Portugal was able to reach the Malakas Islands, the desired Spice Islands. Up until then, the farthest east any European had been was to Sumatran peninsula, with Marco Polo's famed overland journey through central Asia. Magellan spent seven years on the Islands, brewing ideas of new and more creative ways of reaching them. Fully understanding the roundness of the world, he started to believe that he could reach the Spice Islands from the opposite direction, westward. Upon his departure, Magellan advised fellow Portuguese Francisco Serrao as Resident Officer of the Spice Islands, with the intention of meeting him there again by arriving from the opposite direction.

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Points of interest

1. The voyage proved the shape of the world to the satisfaction of the astromers. Magellan's westward circumnavigation would result in the loss of one day if the days on the journey were not adjusted on the ship's official records. The reverse is true going east. Victoria arrived in Sevelle, Spain in Sept 8, 1921 but her ship-log book faithfully kept indicated September 9. The Philippines used the same date as in Spain while the rest of the Malay region under Portuguese rule used a different date because since the Portuguese traveled from the other direction. It is interesting to note when the crewmembers compared notes during the return to Spain, they noticed a day's difference, an error that was corrected by a decree that December 31, 1844 be dropped. Thus, the International Date Line was created at 180 degrees longitude during the International Meridian Conference in 1844.

2. New Diseases that explorers brought to the New World almost wiped out the American Indian population because the natives did not possess a natural immunity. However, this did not occur in the Malay Archipelago to an epidemic degree. This was due to continuous direct contact between the European and the Asian continents. Great Emperors such as Genghis Khan and Alexander the Great promoted the exchange of Euro-Asian trade and culture. Trade of slaves from Africa was necessary in America did not flourish.

3. Slavery was practiced in the East Indies before the Portuguese arrived. Some historians believe that some of Magellan's men who remained in Cebu were not killed but sold to the Chinese or Arabs since they were of high value. The Malay aristocratic society maintained a Chaste System, ranging from the King to Alipin (captive slaves who were war trophies.) Pirates also were raiding slaves along the coastal islands. Slave trading was introduced to Europe and America later by the Portuguese. Magellan replenished his crew with natives as he traveled. The Moorish trader they encountered in Cebu owned a junk ship filled with oriental gold and slaves. When the only ship arrived in Spain, there were only 17 Europeans and 4 East Indians onboard. Enrique, of course, was not among them. The provision in Magellan's will reflects his deep religious belief and his relationship with Enrique. Enrique had been baptized and become his brother in faith. "I declare and ordain that from the day of my death thenceforward for ever, my captured slave, Enrique shall be free and manumitted, and quit, exempt, and relieved of every obligation of slavery and subjection, that he may act as he desires and thinks fit; and I desire that of my estate there may be given to the said Enrique the sum of 10,000 maravedis in money for his support; and this manumission I grant because he is a Christian and that he may pray to God for my soul."

4. The greatest naval battle in the world took place in Leyte Gulf, where Enrique completed the first circumnavigation of the world 423 years earlier. It was also the same location as the battle of Mactan. The amphibious warfare tactics in Mactan were the precursor of land war in Asia to come. The islanders drawing the western warrior inland beyond the artillery power of the western forces.

5. Spice Islands are the Malacca or the Malay regions now known as the Indonesian group. While in Malaca (near the present day Singapore) Magellan met Francisco Serrao. He was the Portuguese resident in charge of the Spice Island that Magellan was supposed to meet. Serrao was poisoned by a rival few months before Victoria reached the Spice Island. . Malaca has a small colony of 500 Filipinos and some believed that this was where Magellan got Enrique.

6. The religious feud between the two universal faiths that first met in the Philippines continues today, between the Christianity-based central democracy and the conservative Moslem tribes in Southern Mindinao. Western culture has taken over Manila and in the capital, not a trace of Moslem influence exists.

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The stuff below is either irrelevant or have already been mentioned in the story.

4. Malay -Polynesian seafaring legend ruling the Pacific is true. Malay from Southeast Asia had been SURFING the Pacific Ocean ONBOARD THE POLYNESIAN OUTRIGGERS way before the Portuguese went beyond the Azores Island. They have sailed to Eastern Islands and probably some on them could have landed in the Eastern Shore of the South America. Because of harsh marine environment survival was rough. This explains the husky body feature of the Polynesian as you go farther west in the Pacific.

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4. Christianity and Islam started for the Middle east.. Basically Christian went west from there and Moslem faith traveled east from Mecca. When Magellan Landed in Cebu..he found the moslem and the Christian found themselves meeting. (Morison theory..He is one of the best Marine Historian). Note: The Portuguese followed the Moslem route by going East and around the southern tip of Africa and sailing to the Spice Islands and defeating the Moors. Portuguese were fighting the Moors for trade and not for the propagation of Christian faith. Portuguese were the master of Slave Trade at that time. They brought the first slave from Africa to Europe and then to America later as human cargo. Their early domination of the sea made it possible.

4. Papal degree (1493) in the 15th century divided the world between the Spanish and Portuguese. The east belonging to the Portuguese and the west to the Spanish. The exact measurement of the earth was still unknown but the two countries going on the opposite direction meet again in the this first round the world trip as evident of the ship Trinidad being captured in Malaca.

7. Malaca has a small colony of 500 Filipinos and some believed that this was where Magellan got Enrique. They were the seafaring Malay-Polynesian (many islands) of the Orient. Oriental meaning people from the east , the sun rise direction relative to the western hemisphere (Europe). Magellan way was to sail west and till they rendezvouz almost on the same place of the Equator (Spice islands).

8. Some books .. Enrique was called "muy ladino" by the crew meaning he is versed and has the ability to learn language. Also while in Europe he was matched with a beautiful Sumatran slave and some believed that she was his wife.

9. The trick in the west direction is finding the passage around the South American Continent to Pacific. The same way the East direction when Prince Henry open the route throught the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa.

Places: Philippines is between 120-130 longitude xxxx 5-20 deg latitude N

Leyte/Cebu about 125 longitude xxxx 12 deg lat N

Malacca is farther west

Molucca Isl 120-130 longitude xxx almost 0 (on the equator)

COUNTER POINTS..

1. Magellan as the first man to go around. Magellan having traveled eastward earlier as part of Portuguese expedition reached east longitude east of the Philippines. While in Spice Island if he traveled about 200 miles north he could have reached the Philippines. So even thou he was killed in the Philippines he might traveled the length needed.

2. The first ship to go around the world is Victoria , under the command of Sebastian Elcano. Being s Spanish descent versus Magellan who is Portuguese had the Spain backing his title earlier. He was one of the Spanish officers who conspire with the mutiny but was pardon by Magellan. The King of Spain celebrated and Magellan accomplishment was ignored for a while. Portugal hated him so he was ignored there as well.

3. Enrique is known as Enrique de Malacca because Pigaffeta term for him. Pigafetta was never been to Malacca or with Magellan on his previous trip to the east.. This is where Magellan base home during his stay in the Malay archipelago. During this time Malacca was the center city of the colony and slaves were brought and sold there. Trade dominated by the Moslem and it is unlikely that Enrique was originally from there. It is possible that he was a member of the Luzon colony or from the Moluccas or as far north as the Visayan island. His palaver knowledge of some of the Visayan language supports this theory heavily.

bibliography"

1. Conqueror of the Seas, Stefan Zweig..

2. The European Discovery of America (The Southern Voyages) AD 1492-1616

Samuel Eliot Morison New York Oxford University Press

3. Ferdinand Magellan, Hawthorne Daniel

Doubleday, Garden City 1964

4. Ferdinand Magellan, Charles Mckew Parr

5. Magellan of the Pacific, Edouard Roditi

6. Magellan, First Circumnavigation of the World, Ian Cameron

7. First Circumnavigation of the World-Pigafetta

Various translation

Last Name, First Name. Name of Book or "Name of Article". Edition or Volume Number. Page Numbers. Name of Publisher. City of Publication. Copy Year.

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Possible story telling flow....

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introduction to Enrique

enrique speaks up..as boy--the the trip.--his point of view

Enrique pass the to Pigafetta and other historian to finish to story..

Aftermath of the Circumnavigation..

1. Religion

2. Empire

3. Malay or Pacific Islanders

4. International dateline International Date Line-Reference

5. Slavery

Note: There is no evidence Enrique exact birthplace. Let us assume that he is from somewhere southern philippines with out defining it. . In the beginning I said that we (readers)will find where he came from. They will have to make the conclusion when he speaks the native language of the second Island the visited in the Philippines.

When the epic making voyage left Spain..... Enrique has the lead.. since his starting point was in the Malay Archipelago.

When the Spanish returned , they accupied the Philippines for almost 400 years ended 100 years ago start of the country's centennial year of independence...

Coming to America Webpage

Filipinohome

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Nestor Palugod Enriquez

mao ni akong pangutana:

di kaha diri gagikan ang atong apelyedo?

suma sa estorya...kada agi nila sa kada lugar magdala sila ug slave or captured locals sa kada lugar nga ilang maagian.

kay sumala sa akong pag cge ug search sa tumulak origin sa internet, ang kina karaan nga tumulak is registered sa poland....and did search more..nasugatan nasad nako ang apelyedong gumulak...sa poland gihapon.

dili kaha gikan sa Poland ang apelyedong Tumulak?